Plants grow from the seeds, and the seeds are covered by a natural coating known as seed coat. Water is very helpful to develop a seedling from the embryo of a seed and further helps the seedling to break the seed coat. This process is known as germination. Some seeds have very hard seed coat, so they should be soaked in water before they are planted.
The seedling starts growing in both downward and upward direction. Small root hairs and small leaves begin to appear. The upward growing part will further develop into the shoot system and the downward growing part will develop in the root system of the plant.
Plants need food for their growth and survival. They prepare their food from water, sunlight and air. Root absorbs water and nutrients from the soil, and is transferred to the plant body through the veins of plant known as xylem. They also carry the food from one part of the plant to another. Plants get energy from sunlight and absorb the carbon dioxide present in the air. If any of these things is missing then the plant won’t grow. So above mentioned things are necessary for the growth of a plant. Deep water plants get their energy from water instead of sunlight.
When a plant becomes mature, it will reproduce. This is possible if a plant has both male and female reproductive systems or if the male plant is near the female plant. This process is carried out in different natural ways. The pollen from the male plant is carried away by wind, insects and animals as they are very light in weight. When the pollen falls on the reproductive part of the other plants, they fertilize.
Some plants reproduce from their bulbs. The main plant produce bulb that splits and starts growing as a new plant.
